The production of generator gas (producer gas) called gasification, is partial combustion of solid fuel (biomass) and takes place at temperatures of about 10000C. The reactor is called a gasifier.
The combustion products from complete combustion of biomass generally contain nitrogen, water vapor, carbon dioxide and surplus of oxygen. However in gasification where there is a surplus of solid fuel (incomplete combustion) the products of combustion are (Figure 1) combustible gases like Carbon monoxide (CO), Hydrogen (H2) and traces of Methane and non useful products like tar and dust. The production of these gases is by reaction of water vapor and carbon dioxide through a glowing layer of charcoal. Thus the key to gasifier design is to create conditions such that a) biomass is reduced to charcoal and, b) charcoal is converted at suitable temperature to produce CO and H2.
The combustion products from complete combustion of biomass generally contain nitrogen, water vapor, carbon dioxide and surplus of oxygen. However in gasification where there is a surplus of solid fuel (incomplete combustion) the products of combustion are (Figure 1) combustible gases like Carbon monoxide (CO), Hydrogen (H2) and traces of Methane and non useful products like tar and dust. The production of these gases is by reaction of water vapor and carbon dioxide through a glowing layer of charcoal. Thus the key to gasifier design is to create conditions such that a) biomass is reduced to charcoal and, b) charcoal is converted at suitable temperature to produce CO and H2.
Types of gasifiers and Advanges & disadvantages
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