Emission spectroscopy
In emission spectroscopy, sample is subjected to thermal, electrical, or other excitation, and the excited atoms or molecules emit energy as they drop to lower energy levels. The emitted radiation is collected at the detector and its intensity is measure as a function of wavelength.
Absorption spectroscopy
In Absorption spectroscopy, a sample of material to be studied is subjected to radiation in desired part of the spectrum, and the molecules absorb energy, under going transitions to higher energy levels. This results in a series of spectral lines . This radiation is collected at the detector and its intensity is measured.
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